Physiological responses of animals to environmental conditions where there are chemical contaminants that can also induce oxidative stress. Interactions of metals in relation to the physiological responses performed by animals with particular reference to the induction of metallothioneins and to apoptotic phenomena. Didactic approaches to the teaching of biology in primary and secondary schools.

1. Responses to PFAS exposure under controlled conditions at different times in oligochaete Eisenia hortensis: cell mortality and lysosomal fragility in celomocytes, bioaccumulation and metallothionein determination. 2. Metallothionein's role in homeostatic regulation of trace metals. 3. Educational projects and critical reflections in primary and secondary school of the first degree: experimental approaches to survey the world, observation and study, courses to educate to scientific curiosity.